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State Space Analysis
state space analysis of control system is based on the modern theory which is applicable to all types of systems like single input single output systems, multiple inputs and multiple outputs systems, linear and non linear systems, time varying and time invariant systems. Let us consider few basic terms related to state space analysis of modern theory of control systems.
AAYUSH LAL ROY
Power Amplifiers
A power amplifier is an electronic amplifier designed to increase the magnitude of power of a given input signal. The power of the input signal is increased to a level high enough to drive loads of output devices like speakers, headphones, RF transmitters etc. Unlike voltage/current amplifiers, a power amplifier is designed to drive loads directly and is used as a final block in an amplifier chain.
Phase Locked Loops
A phase-locked loop (PLL) is an electronic circuit with a voltage or voltage-driven oscillator that constantly adjusts to match the frequency of an input signal. PLLs are used to generate, stabilize, modulate, demodulate, filter or recover a signal from a "noisy" communications channel where data has been interrupted.
Interfacing of peripherals in 8086
When we are executing any instruction, we need the microprocessor to access the memory for reading instruction codes and the data stored in the memory. For this, both the memory and the microprocessor requires some signals to read from and write to registers. The interfacing process includes some key factors to match with the memory requirements and microprocessor signals. The interfacing circuit therefore should be designed in such a way that it matches the memory signal requirements with the signals of the microprocessor.
C++ Streams
we have been using the iostream standard library, which provides cin and cout methods for reading from standard input and writing to standard output respectively. This tutorial will teach you how to read and write from a file. This requires another standard C++ library called fstream, which defines three new data types − Sr.No Data Type & Description 1 ofstream This data type represents the output file stream and is used to create files and to write information to files. 2 ifstream This data type represents the input file stream and is used to read information from files. 3 fstream This data type represents the file stream generally, and has the capabilities of both ofstream and ifstream which means it can create files, write information to files, and read information from files.
Transducers
A transducer is a device that converts energy from one form to another. Usually a transducer converts a signal in one form of energy to a signal in another.[1] Transducers are often employed at the boundaries of automation, measurement, and control systems, where electrical signals are converted to and from other physical quantities (energy, force, torque, light, motion, position, etc.). The process of converting one form of energy to another is known as transduction.[2]
Network Theorem
Electric circuit theorems are always beneficial to help find voltage and currents in multi loop circuits. ... Other group of network theorems which are mostly used in the circuit analysis process includes Compensation theorem, Substitution theorem, Reciprocity theorem, Millman's theorem and Miller's theorem.
Parallel Operation of Transformer
The Transformer is said to be in Parallel Operation when their primary windings are connected to a common voltage supply, and the secondary windings are connected to a common load.
Transistor models
Transistors are simple devices with complicated behavior. In order to ensure the reliable operation of circuits employing transistors, it is necessary to scientifically model the physical phenomena observed in their operation using transistor models. There exists a variety of different models that range in complexity and in purpose. Transistor models divide into two major groups: models for device design and models for circuit design
The first law of Thermodynamics
The first law of thermodynamics is a version of the law of conservation of energy, adapted for thermodynamic systems. The law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system is constant; energy can be transformed from one form to another, but can be neither created nor destroyed. It states that the change in the internal energy ΔU of a closed system is equal to the amount of heat Q supplied to the system, minus the amount of work W done by the system on its surroundings. An equivalent statement is that perpetual motion machines of the first kind are impossible.
8086 bus configurations and timings
Intel 8086 is a 16-bit HMOS microprocessor. It is available in 40 pin DIP chip. It uses a 5V DC supply for its operation. The 8086 uses 20-line address bus. It has a 16-line data bus. The 20 lines of the address bus operate in multiplexed mode. The 16-low order address bus lines have been multiplexed with data and 4 high-order address bus lines have been multiplexed with status signals.
Feedback & Oscillator Circuits
An oscillator is an electronic device for generating AC signal voltage. Oscillators generate sinusoidal or non-sinusoidal waveforms from very low frequency to very high frequencies. In this course, you'll learn about Feedbacks in Opamps and oscillators. This is the course usually taught in Electronics and Communication engineering.