Knowledge in Sociology on viden.io

Knowledge in Sociology

PUBLIC OPINION

PUBLIC OPINION "Government of the people,by the people and for the people" a famous phrase  by Ambedkar ji which is very common and not unheard of in our democratic country. The  country where honest and courageous people are subjected to various kinds of atrocities. They are being put in the trouble by the people leading in power and whose only motive is to earn money by hook or by crook thus misleading the nation .Right to speech is the fundamental right given to us by constitution which somewhere seems to be of no use in the existing conditions.The irony of this country is that the patriotic people praise the constitution of the country but refuse to guarantee the rights and laws stated in the same. Public opinion is a kind of collective expression particularly given on a certain political or social issue.Public opinion is necessary and each has the right living in a democratic country but then it do has it negative aspects considering some of the cases.Public opinion which seems to govern the society is somewhere these days just run by selfish, Conservative, money hungry people spreading disbeliefs and misguiding the people just so they could enjoy  the powers and luxury. A country where logical analysation is regarded as an insult to the ruling party.Therefore in such an existing condition raising a question is still a far cry .Does our country really need such type of categorisation? ??Are we still free of the old shackles that bind us?India which is advertised as a huge country still has an approval for such type of criticism? Looking around we still see people blindly following unscrupulous saints believing in miracles rather than hardwork. Where media is more interested in celeb news instead of creating awareness and highlighting the oppression s faced by the people.Where the headlines of prime time being the miracle of saint, people believing in almost every news they see and spreading the same. Is this how we are aiming to form public opinion? ?                                      Public opinion is needed if we talk about equality and when respected on being right helps to maintain healthy relationship among the people of the nation .Everyone has the right to share his own thoughts to make a country worth living and a better place to survive. Public opinion is all respected if it collectively urges to follow right path altogether contributing in the development of nation. Public opibion really matters because this is the only way in which people enable themselves to express their thoughts.But the question arises is; Do we need to develop our own opinion in the right way by discussing  or just blindly follow whatever media offers to us?Should we develop each others opinions or disregard them ?Should we be stuck up in the old antipathetic ideas and kill people for criticising orthodox ideas and prevalent evil customs? Does it make any sense or adds value when a person is punished just for expressing what he or she opines? Should we try to bring reforms? Well the choice seems to be very tough but every new beginning is difficult. Every new beginning brings with itself various outcomes and fears.Because we only run the society,should effort for a change.IT IS A HIGH TIME NOW TO THINK THAT WHAT REALLY _MATTERS_...................!

Sociology

shruti shukla

REJECTION (to child labour)

"_REJECTION_"(Child Labor) Bitter truth or a Sweet lie? Youth of the country to which they tie? Made to flow away from their dreams; Bearing a mound of sorrow and chagrin. Subjected to slavery with the rationale to flow, Is the Comprehension of some people this much hollow? CHILDREN, the formation, to the God they confine. Improvement of them ,Ah!the nation itself defines. What's holding us away to give our ample assistance? let everyone of us play major role for their educational convenience. Youth is the future ,Children are the base; "TO CHANGE IS AN OPPORTUNITY " let's embrace this phrase.

Sociology

shruti shukla

Jhabua - Review of Literature.

JHABUA Jhabua is a district in Madhya Pradesh located to extreme west of the state. It shares its boundary with states of Gujarat and Rajasthan. Most of the people in Jhabua belong to the Scheduled Tribe community. It is considered as backward district as the district is way behind the nation average in parameters of development. One of such is literacy rate. As per 2011 census, the literacy rate of Jhabua is just 44%. 52% males are literates and when it comes to women it is as low as 34%. But this data is aggregate of whole district.  The literacy rate in villages like Samriya wada  is even less. In our project as per some rough calculations the literacy rate of this villages can be even lesser than 10%. About 91% of the population of district lives in rural areas. This shows how far the district stands in urbanization. 85.60 % of people in Jhabua district belongs to Scheduled Tribe community as mentioned before ST’s grab lions share in terms of population. Sex ratio in Jhabua is 989 girls for every 1000 boys.  Adivasi slang of Hindi is the most spoken language in Jhabua. Among tribes in Jhabua Bhils are more in number. Jhabua is a highly drought prone area. Though most of the people primary occupation is agriculture in Jhabua, the land in Jhabua district is not suitable for agriculture. In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Jhabua one of the country’s 250 most backward districts of 640 districts.  Crops like maize are prevalent in Jhabua. Narmada river forms the southern boundary of the district. The terrain is hilly, undulating typically known as Jhabua hills topography. Most of the part of Jhabua is without any forest cover because of low fertility of land and soil erosion even mere existence becomes a hard problem and with the failure of rains the Bhills take to crime. The area of Jhabua district is 6793 sq kms. There are about 1313 inhabited villages. As per the government statistics 47 % of the people live in below poverty line in this district. But the percentage is even much greater considering the global standards.  Jhabua is a very poor district in terms of economy. But Jhabua is a great place in terms of nature. There are many scenic places in Jhabua to visit. It is probably the most untouched part in India. When it comes to Jhabua it is more natural than concrete. Even most of the villages in Jhabua have houses made of mud walls. The climate at the time of Monsoon is very good in Jhabua.  BHIL TRIBE Bhils or Bheel are primarily an Adivasi people of North West India. They mostly speak a Adivasi dialect of Hindi. Madhya Pradesh has the third most concentration of Bhils. In Bhil community Joint family is more prevalent. Child marriages i.e, marriage before girl reaching 18 years of age is prevalent in this area.  Though most of the elders in Bhil community have no formal education, they put education as priority for their younger ones. For most of the people of Bhil community agriculture is the primary occupation. They raise crops such as maize etc.., in Jhabua region.  Most of the people in Bhil community live in extreme poverty. Modernization is not seen in Bhil community as they are very backward. Their progress rate is very slow for which they are far behind the remaining world.  Bhil villages are generally dispersed, and each village consists of 30-40 families. They worship many Hindu gods. Apart from major gods like SHIVA, GANESHA, KRISHNA they also worship deities. They have some doll like things with turmeric and all sprinkled in it. They have a believe that god takes that form when they pray to god and listen to their odds.   Bhil dialect consists of Rajasthani, Gujarati, Hindi, Marathi words. Anthropologists believe that the word Bhil is derived from the Dravidian word bil or vil, meaning a bow. Over a period of time, the Bhils have given up hunting, and have taken to agriculture. They use very primitive tools, and even their agricultural style is very simplistic. The most popular entertainment among the Bhil tribal consists of story-telling combined with dancing music. They address their disputes in panchayats and gets it settled.  It is believed that Bhils are now doing some robberies, etc. in some areas on Madhya Pradesh like in Jhabua. This is rather expected. As people in Jhabua cannot experience good rains for agriculture their productivity is very less. Due to this even their living becomes difficult so they are opting such odd practices. Bhils formed community and they show their unity when they are collectively facing odd situations. 

Sociology

Sai Kumar Gorantla

SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF VILLAGE KALIYA BADA

it is an analysis of an village in jabua from sociological perceptive .

Sociology

Siddhi Helwatkar

Conscious Capitalism is need of the day

Conscious Capitalism is need of the day for Taxi Aggregators   Taxi aggregator services are much needed in ever-growing Indian cities, and their innovative use of technology could well solve a swathe of commuter problems in the city. The taxi aggregators have faced ethics related issues globally and the problem is that they are so young they never really developed a value system. They did, however, succeed in focusing on creating a wow experience for their customers, which resulted in their astounding success. The important stakeholders for the two major taxi aggregators, Ola and Uber, operating in India are, Stakeholders 1.      Owners and Shareholders 2.      State Government 3.      Central Government 4.      Auto-rickshaw drivers/owners 5.      Ola/Uber Cab drivers/owners 6.      General Public/Customers 7.      Women 8.      Road Transport Ministry 9.      Digital Payment Technology Companies like Paytm, Mobiqwik. 10.  3 wheeler manufacturers 11.  IT Companies who hire Ola/Uber taxis for their employees who work in night shifts 12.  Loan agencies and banks who give loans to taxi drivers who are employees of Ola/Uber 13.  Start-ups like Apna Cabs, Cool Cabs, etc. 14.  Environmental Groups 15.  Social Activists The taxi aggregators have some ethical responsibilities towards their stakeholders. Shareholders must receive timely dividends through growth of company.  Cab drivers/owners who have taken a "commercial risk" by enlisting on such platforms should get appropriate salaries. Loan agencies and banks who give loans to Ola/Uber taxi drivers to buy vehicle should get the principle and EMI on time from Ola/Uber drivers. The taxi aggregators also have ethical responsibility of paying Taxes and accept liability to be taxed.   Taxi aggregators currently claim that they do not need licences to operate because they are technology providers rather transport providers. But, an Uber or an Ola cannot claim to be a technology company. After all, customers are paying them for a transport service. The taxi aggregators must adhere to Motor Vehicle act and other laws recommended by the Road Transport ministry. They should share data with regulators, especially as they relate to safety. Company should take responsibility in the event of any crime or unauthorised activity. Safety of Women passengers should be utmost important for Taxi Aggregators. For this  aggregator needs to develop and include a feature in its mobile application that provides the women  passenger with a facility to share their real-time location with up to five persons within their safety network and to contact local police in case of an emergency. The taxi aggregators   must ensure that strict background checks are conducted before a driver is signed up. These include Police verification, Medical check-up, Document verification (Driving license, Vehicle papers, RC, Vehicle insurance, Taxi permit papers), and Pollution under control certificate (PUC). Tourist taxis operate as taxis using a loophole in the tourist taxi rules, and this has brought more taxis to the market without following the permit route. The aggregators enabled this in a big way. This is unfair to single-owner taxis and rickshaws who wait for years to be able to pay the money to secure their permits, many of which are rented on the black market. The taxi aggregators   must avoid such practises. The stakeholders of Taxi aggregators also have some ethical responsibilities towards the taxi aggregators. State and Central Government must frame clear rules and regulations in implement them without any partiality. Surge pricing for instance can be included to ensure good service, but this should also be duly regulated by Governments. Clear fees and fee ranges have to be set for aggregators. Rather than targeting prices, policymakers should be assessing their impact on the entry of new operators into the market. If surge pricing does indeed follow market-based models, they should attract more investors to the sector, and facilitate the entry of cab-aggregator start-ups. If the spikes in prices, however, end up consolidating the monopolistic positions of established players, then regulators should step in. Capping surge prices does little either to open the market, or prevent anti-competitive practices. Road Transport Ministry must set responsibility for the companies in the event of errant behaviour of the drivers and issue licences and permits to them. In terms of compliance, India is very weak. Even when you have rules, they are not enforced consistently. You cannot shut a service and indicate to the market that India is not ready. We have in a sense, told the rest of the world that we are not predictable. A large part of the blame can be put on our society. In a country where a large part of the population lives on the fringes, the environment in which a child grows up is appalling. As a child if you go through a lot of stress and the world has not treated you well, as an adult you end up either committing crimes or you try to suppress and become depressed. Structurally our society has a lot of problems and hanging a driver for rape and banning taxi aggregators is not going to solve our problems. We need to create sound systems and structures at the base level that provide children with an atmosphere of trust and respect so that they grow as adults to be responsible. As a nation, there is an unpredictability of performance and how policies work out. Blaming taxi aggregators entirely is deflecting the real issue and hiding our weaknesses. Women must raise a voice and file a complaint with taxi aggregators as well as in nearest police station whenever there is misbehaviour or in case of any other problem instead staying quiet. Take certain precautions when travelling alone or travelling at night. Taxi Aggregators have disrupted the transportation industry, but it seems this “disruption” has come without a sense of organizational ethics. Taxi Aggregators have been found violating on a host of factors including lack of a registered office, permits and evasion of service tax. These were valid grounds used to ban them till the time it gets its house in order. Taxi Aggregators have faltered in checking the credentials of the drivers–their licenses, character certificates and tourist permits. The companies claim that they do not have any responsibility if a driver presents a fake certificate, license or permit. Anything can be forged in India and that is a sad reality. Taxi Aggregators claim to work directly with operators or taxi fleets who ensure that certain formalities and background checks are conducted before a driver is signed up. The drivers undergo basic training for a day or two regarding ethical behaviour, communication, traffic rules, dealing with billing discrepancies, hold driver meet-ups to provide updates & address any issues they might be facing. Drivers with bad rating are given a warning if it’s a minor issue and the driver understands his mistake. In case of major issues, the driver is either suspended for a period of time or removed from the system.   Taxi Aggregators help in improving city safety by eliminating the need for people to stand on the streets waiting for cabs and by reducing the number of drunk drivers on the roads. But in case of all the Taxi Aggregators Terms and Conditions specify that they are merely a technology platform which links passengers with third-party transportation providers and states “the entire risk” of using the service lies with the user. Drivers who sign up online are expected to carry their own insurance and take care of required permits and inspections required by the city where they work. Passenger safety, better, low cost transportation along with environmental promise are some of the benefits of taxi aggregators. Uber and other ride-hailing companies have started ride-sharing to avoid the traffic, pollution and the environmental scourge of millions of single-occupancy vehicles moving around city streets.  The parking problems in big cities along with traffic congestion will also be solved and they create tens of thousands of jobs in the city. But Taxi Aggregators should also understand that social capital, driven by ethical behavior and the power of real relationships, will be an incredible driver of value in the future. Conscious Capitalism is need of the day for taxi aggregators and other stakeholders. When companies  endeavor to deliberately create purpose-driven and stakeholder- focused companies; when they do the incredibly hard work it takes to become conscious leaders and build a corporate culture that is authentic, transparent, empathetic, and engaging; in other words, when companies  remove the blinders of shareholder centricity, not only can they be more innovative, but those innovations come with ethical leadership that consistently pushes the organization to elevate the humanity of our stakeholders, not treat them with disdain and disrespect. Taxi Aggregators have disrupted the transportation industry, but it seems this “disruption” has come without a sense of organizational ethics. Conscious Capitalism is need of the day for taxi aggregators.

Sociology

Pranjali Silimkar

BCCL HR Assignment

Sociology

Vishnu Das

American Patriotism

Waleed Rally says that the genius of American patriotism is that it manages to be inclusive. The same cannot easily be said of Australian patriotism, and certainly cannot be said of the European version, which is so often expressed in moral panics about the supposed disloyalty of migrants. He then asks:  What accounts for the difference? At first blush, the answer is as simple as it is patriotically appealing: that the patriotism of minorities simply mirrors the patriotism of the majority. That is, patriotism is a result of social pressure. If we only demand it stridently enough, our minorities will learn to love us. Or, to put it more acerbically, multiculturalism is a death wish. Such has been the diagnosis of a thousand culture warriors in recent years. Europe's flirtation with multiculturalism has killed its sense of self and allowed its recalcitrant minorities to disappear into a fog of cultural relativism and escape any sense of loyalty to the nation. Europe's multiculturalism is even said to have fostered subcultures hostile to it.  There is something different operating in America, something more subtle, complex and ingenious than the brutish social politics of monoculturalism. Something that is not ultimately about multiculturalism or migration, but about a more comprehensive phenomenon: national identity. There is something in the way America thinks and talks about itself that enables widespread national loyalty and astonishing diversity to coexist. Even its rioters rarely shun their American identity; instead, they assert their place in the nation.  America, like Australia, New Zealand and Canada, is part of the New World and created from settlement (or conquest) and migration. This creates a fundamentally different dynamic, for it is immediately apparent that there is nothing organic about these nations. The vanquished indigenous aside, everyone is a migrant to some degree, which necessarily fosters a more fluid, open notion of national identity: one that is not so firmly anchored in ethnicity as in Europe. Yet this does not explain why the United States should be any different to Australia.  Rally says that America has its creed, but one that corresponds to no particular religious tradition. It is a civil creed constructed on the central political idea of individual liberty. The US was settled by people fleeing religious persecution in Europe; it was thus almost inevitable that freedom, especially of religion, would become the new nation's touchstone. A people who had struggled to attain religious freedom could not easily found a nation on principles that denied that right to others: Theirs is a sense of self that is forward-looking, oriented towards constant improvement.  In contrast the message of Australia's staunchest patriots is that ours is a great country with a great history and no need for change. It is a message that replicates the European sense of national self, one bound in a fixed history. The history wars were so intense in Australia for the very reason that our sense of national pride is not forward-looking.

Sociology

VIVEK PANT