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1. Propellant Tanks:

In the case of Liquid propulsion, the propellants are stored in propellant tanks in liquid form. The tanks are specially designed to handle propellants in the state of weightlessness.

2. Feed System:

Propellants are carried to the chamber from the propellant tanks with the help of the Feed system. For small rockets, Gas controlled feed system is used. For large rockets, a pump feed system is used where high-speed pumps are employed. To run these high power pumps a turbine is installed in the system.

Propellants are injected into the chamber with the help of an Injector. Different types of injectors are used for different engines.

3. Combustion Chamber:

Propellants are injected into the combustion chamber with the help of injectors. Then the mixture of fuel and oxidizer is ignited with the help of a spark ignitor.

In the case of some propellant, when the fuel and oxidizer come in contact, they ignite spontaneously. They are termed as Hypergolic Propellants.

The propellants are ignited to produce hot gasses.

4. Nozzle:

The generated hot gasses are exhausted through a Convergent-Divergent Nozzle with a high velocity.

In GSLV, 4 Liquid Propulsion Strap-Ons are augmented with the 1st stage. These powered by VIKAS engine. In the second stage, the same engine is used.

In the second stage of PSLV, the same engine is used.

VIKAS Engine:

Vikas engine is a liquid propulsion engine designed by Indian Space Research Organization in India. It is named after Indian Physicist VIKram Ambalal Sarabhai (Father of ISRO).

This engine uses UDMH as fuel and N2O4 as an oxidizer.

In the third stage of GSLV, a special type of engine is used, named Cryogenic Engine.

These engines are much more complicated than normal Liquid propulsion engines.

In the next article, we will discuss this type of engine and the story associated with it.

That's all for this article. See you at the next one when we discuss Cryogenic Engine.