Analogy means similarity. It can exist between any two objects in a particular manner or it may be the case that the two objects are realted to each other in the same way as the other given objects are related. Some important types of relations are as follows.

1.      Disease and Cause relationship:

Disease            Cause

Poliomyelitis          Virus

Typhoid             Bacteria

2.      Study and topic relationship:

Topic              Study

Pedology            Soil

Ontology            Reality

3.      Worker and tool relationship:

Worker             Tool

Sculptor             Chisel

Jockey              Tack

4.      Tool and action relationship:

Tool               Action

Auger              Bore

Spanner             Grip

5.      Quantity and unit relationship:

Quantity           Unit

Conductivity         Mho

Luminosity           Candela

6.      Product and raw material relationship:

Product            Raw material

Shoes              Leather

Sack               Jute

7.      Male and female relationship:

Male               Female

Drone              Bee

Stag               Doe

8.      Animal and young one relationship:

Animal             Young one

Deer               Fawn

Lion               Cub

9.      Word and Synonym relationship:

Word              Synonym

Sedate              Calm

Mend              Repair

10.     Word and Antonym relationship:

Word              Antonym

Cordial             Hostile

Chaos              Peace

11.     Word and Intensity relationship:

Word              Intensity

Kindle              Burn

Error               Blunder

12.     Worker and working place relationship:

Worker             Working Place

Teacher             School

Lawyer             Court

13.     Instrument and measurement relationship:

Instrument          Measurement

Voltmeter            Voltage

Hygrometer          Humidity

A few more examples are given to make your understanding better.

Direction (1 - 4): Select the pair among the given choices which is related in the same way as the words given in CAPITAL letters.

1.      STAIN : HONOUR :: ?

(a) Lose : Fame       (b) Blot : Escutcheon

(c) Doubt : Reputation   (d) Slander : Integrity

(e) None of these

Ans.   (b) The relation is of thing and quality.

2.      MOON : SATELLITE :: EARTH : ?

(a) Sun             (b) Solar System

(c) Planet            (d) Asteroid

(e) None of these

Ans.   (c) Moon is a satellite and Earth is a planet.

3.      FORECAST : FUTURE :: REGRET : ?

(a) Present           (b) Sin

(c) Atone            (d) Past

(e) None of these

Ans.   (d) Forecast is for future happenings while regret is for actions in past

4.      TRAITOR : COUNTRY :: ?

(a) Potentate : Kingdom

(b) Bureaucrat : Government

(c) Apostate : Religion

(d) Tailor : Law

(e) None of these

Ans.   (c) The relation is of betrayal.